Mirrors

page best viewed on a PC, will not be optimising this page for mobile

Welcome!

Welcome to the homepage for my mirror service.
Currently two servers make up the service. Sathonyia (repo.c48.uk) is the primary server, and Oswald (uk.repo.c48.uk) is another UK node hosting just arch (along with many other non-mirror things).

tf is a mirror?

A mirror is a copy of some files, usually for an open-source project, that is kept up-to-date with the original copy.
Mirrors are used to distribute the files to users, and are throughout the world, so with enough mirrors there should always be a local copy near you.
They also reduce the load on the original server, and are pretty much always volunteer operations, which spreads the cost too.
This service is privately funded by me (and costs about ~£15/month to keep running), but the vast majority of mirrors are hosted by hosting companies and universities. I'm just an exception because I felt like it and I thought it was a cool project idea (it was, btw, and I use the servers for a few other things as well now).
It's also nice because I get to contribute to projects that I use (for example, I actually use my own Arch mirror pretty much daily).

Projects mirrored

Name	Directory	Sync source	Sync frequency	Size
Arch Linux	/arch/	rsync.archlinux.org::ftp_tier1^[1]	Hourly	~125GB
EndeavourOS	/endeavouros/	mirror.alpix.eu::endeavouros	Hourly	~80GB
Linux Mint (ISOs)	/mint/isos/	pub.linuxmint.com::pub	Every 6 hours	~125GB
Linux Mint (Packages)	/mint/pkgs/	rsync-packages.linuxmint.com::packages	Every 4 hours	~45GB

Mirror stats

Sathonyia (repo.c48.uk)	Oswald (uk.repo.c48.uk)

Servers

Sathonyia is a Contabo Storage VPS 1 instance. Specs are as follows:

200mbps bandwidth (32TB per month "limit", before it slows to 100mbps. I passed it once.)
2vCPU cores (which i've found to be just about fast enough)
3GB RAM
800GB (SATA) SSD (I've been fairly surprised at how much traffic I get with only a small amount of projects)
Ubuntu Server

When Oswald was created, this package was not available anymore, so I went with a Storage VPS 10. The differences are that there is only 300GB of storage, however RAM was bumped to 4GB.
All servers support IPv6 as well as IPv4.

rsync

rsync is the tool used to sync mirrors and is usually required by projects. Most of my mirrors are also available publicly on rsync:

$ rsync repo.c48.uk::
                          ____ ___        __
  _______ ___  ___   ____/ / /( _ ) __ __/ /__
 / __/ -_) _ \/ _ \_/ __/_  _/ _  |/ // /  '_/
/_/  \__/ .__/\___(_)__/ /_/ \___(_)_,_/_/\_\
       /_/
---------------------------------------------
-                                           -
-          Welcome to repo.c48.uk!          -
-                                           -
-  The EyeScary Development Mirror Service  -
-                                           -
---------------------------------------------

This server is a Contabo Storage VPS 1, with a
200mbps internet connection and 800GB of space.

The rsync modules are mintiso, mintpkg, arch,
and endeavouros.

Due to the bandwidth of this mirror, please do
not use this for private mirrors, but you may
use it for other public mirrors.

!! DO NOT ABUSE !!

mintiso         Linux Mint ISOs
mintpkg         Linux Mint Packages
arch            Archlinux
endeavouros     EndeavourOS

I recommend you sync from the closest mirror to you, and if you're syncing arch in the UK sync from uk.repo.c48.uk as it has more available capacity.
Additionally, please use rsync -rltpH --delete-delay --delay-updates --safe-links as minimum rsync options. This is what is required by Arch and will prevent user issues with your mirrors. If you are testing yourself, you may want to add -vn and --progress to perform a dry run and get greater insight into what would happen on sync.

Privacy Policy

The mirror servers do not log any personal data except for standard web server logs (IP address, user agent, date/time of access, requested resource, referrer). These logs are stored in the default location on the servers (/var/log/nginx/) and are cleaned out occassionally to save space. No data is shared with any third parties, and no cookies are used on the servers.
An example log entry looks like this:

2a02::feed:dead:beef:cafe - - [21/Dec/2025:17:51:51 +0000] "GET /endeavouros/repo/endeavouros/x86_64/yay-12.5.7-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst.sig HTTP/2.0" 200 143 "-" "pacman/7.1.0 (Linux x86_64) libalpm/16.0.1" "-"

These are only really used for my own curiosity and to see how much traffic the mirrors are getting and from where.

Other infrastructure

The whole of the c48.uk domain is now running under self-hosted DNS. Oswald runs the primary server, Amber (hosted with DeluxHost in the Netherlands) runs the secondary, and ns-global is also used for redundancy and speed. ns-global runs BIND, so I went with NSD for my servers for code diversity. I also recently added netim's (rcodezero) nameservers because they allow you to use them as secondaries and why not. Traffic often exceeds 500,000 DNS queries per day, and often coincides with traffic spikes on mirrors and new releases (especially for EndeavourOS for some reason - if there's a new EndeavourOS release, DNS queries jump by 100,000 per day for a bit).

$ dig @ns1.c48.uk c48.uk ns

; <<>> DiG 9.18.39 <<>> @ns1.c48.uk c48.uk ns
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 21925
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 5, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 5

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;c48.uk.				IN	NS

;; ANSWER SECTION:
c48.uk.			21600	IN	NS    ns1.c48.uk.
c48.uk.			21600	IN	NS    ns2.c48.uk.
c48.uk.			21600	IN	NS    ns-global.kjsl.com.
c48.uk.			21600	IN	NS    ns2.netim.net.
c48.uk.			21600	IN	NS    ns3.netim.net.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns1.c48.uk.		21600	IN	AAAA  2a02:c204:2271:3493::1
ns2.c48.uk.		21600	IN	AAAA  2a12:bec4:1df0:16a::a
ns1.c48.uk.		21600	IN	A     94.72.106.80
ns2.c48.uk.		21600	IN	A     96.62.250.150

;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 2a02:c204:2271:3493::1#53(ns1.c48.uk) (UDP)
;; WHEN: Wed Jun 03 11:30:41 BST 2026
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 236

The registrar I use is Netim, as they have no age requirement and are based in the EU (France). This (combined with the .uk domain) means that the service is mostly independent of infrastructure outside of Europe. ns-global has its backend in California, however due to its anycast setup and the fact that it is run by two very cool individuals I am not too concerned about it. Transit (for Contabo) is provided via Aptum (AS13768) and Lumen (AS3356). Aptum is Canadian, and Lumen is American, so this is the other point where non-EU infrastructure is used. As far as I know Lumen Europe was sold to COLT, so most infrastructure in that case will be European. Nominet (.uk registry) has some US infrastructure as well, but they also run their own anycast network so I don't really care.

The entire stack supports IPv6 all the way down (of course), which can be verified here where this domain gets a perfect 11/11 score.

Any questions? dig SOA c48.uk for email and I'll try to get back to you as fast as possible.

Notes

^[1]Arch Linux mirrors are split into two tiers, tier 1 and tier 2. My mirror is considered tier 1, and is therefore allowed to sync from tier 0 (rsync.archlinux.org). Tier 2 mirrors sync off of tier 1s, if you want to mirror off of me see rsync.